Systems of many interacting parts, such as ecosystems, cities and markets, whose overall behavior cannot be predicted from the parts alone. Their study informs much generative art.
My work is preoccupied with complex systems and connects to the lineage of artists working with systems theory.
Agnieszka Kurant, Agnieszka Kurant on Alien Thoughts
I think those are mainly in several areas: both fields modeling life-like biological processes, which AI uses to develop neural networks and evolutionary algorithms; then the study of complex systems and the emergence of complex behaviors; and the use of optimization techniques, for example, to determine fitness.
Christiane Paul, 2000s Tooling Era: Casey Reas, Golan Levin, Christiane Paul